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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study whether chlorambucil has apoptotic effect on the B cell lymphoma A20 cells and its exact mechanisms in apoptotic signaling pathway.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The experimental cells were treated with 20 μmol/L chlorambucil, the control cells were treated with PBS. Annexin V-FITC Cell Apoptosis Detection Kit was used to examine cell apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of active caspase-3, Survivin, NF-B and pAKT. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was performed to examine the mRNA expression of Survivin.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, the proportion of FITC/PI apoptotic cells and the expression of active caspase-3 (t=7.384, P=0.000) in the chlorambucil treatment group was significantly elevated. However, the expression of Survivin mRNA (t=4.384, P=0.000), protein expressions of survivin (t=12.360, P=0.000), NF-B (t=5.462, P=0.000) and pAKT (t=7.183, P=0.000) in the chlorambucil-treated group all significantly decreased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The chlorambucil can induce the apoptosis of lymphoma cells, its mechanism may related with inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and expression of NF-B and survivin.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the mutation rate and clinical characteristics of CALR, MPL W515K and JAK2 V617F genes in patients with primary thrombocythemia (PT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-six patients with PT were selected as the research objects in our hospital. The CALR and MPL W515K gene mutations were determined by genomic DNA-PCR direct sequencing of the PCR products, and the JAK2 V617F gene mutation was detected by allele specific PCR method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 56 patients with PT there were 14 cases of CALR gene mutation with the incidence rate of 25%, including 6 cases of type I, 5 cases of type II and 3 cases of type III. The sex, age, platelet(Plt) count, white blood cell (WBC) count and hemoglobin (Hb) level in the type I case of CALR gene mutation all were not significantly different from that in type II and III(all P>0.05); the WBC level in type III group significantly increased in comparison of type II group (P<0.05), while the sex, age, Hb and Plt levels showed no significant difference between the type III and type II groups (P>0.05). There were 3 cases of MPL W515K gene mutation with the incidence rate of 5.36%; 21 cases of JAK2 V617F gene mutation with the incidence rate of 37.50%. There were 13 cases of CALR gene mutation in negative patients with MPL W515K and JAK2 V617F (18 cases) with 72.22% incidence rate (13/18), and there was no cases of 1 or 2 gene mutations coexisted. The levels of Hb and WBC in peripheral blood of patients with CALR mutation were significantly lower than those of JAK2 V617F mutation (both P<0.05). In 56 cases, there were 3 cases of abnormal karyotype, with the incidence rate of 5.36%. The mutation rate of CALR gene in abnormal karyotypes (66.67%) was significantly higher than that of normal karyotypes (20.75%) (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The incidence of JAK2 V617F gene mutation increases in the patients with primary thrombocythemia; CALR mutation rate is higher in the patients with negative MPL W515K and JAK2 V617F gene mutation, which may closely correlate with abnormal karyotype; the levels of peripheral Hb and WBC in PT the patients with CALR gene mutation are significantly lower than those in patients with JAK2 V617F mutation.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Calreticulin , Janus Kinase 2 , Mutation , Mutation Rate , Receptors, Thrombopoietin , Thrombocythemia, EssentialABSTRACT
Objective:To describe the prevalence of anxiety disorders and distribution in Chifeng City,and explore the related risk factors and health service seeking.Methods:Individuals aged 18 years and over were sampled by stratified,probability-proportional-to-size sampling,randomized cluster sampling in Chifeng City through November,2010 to April,2011.All respondents were interviewed by trained interviewers face-to-face.The Composite International Diagnostic Interview-3.0 Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CIDI-3.0-CAPI) was used to diagnose anxiety disorders according to the criteria and definition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition (DSM-Ⅳ).Single and multivariate analysis were applied to explore risk factors of anxiety disorder.Results:Totally 4528 subjects were interviewed with CIDI-3.0-CAPI.The 12-month prevalence rate of anxiety disorders was significantly higher in rural area than in urban area (4.62％ vs.2.61％,P ＜0.01).The rate was significantly higher in female than in male (4.92％ vs.2.82％,P ＜0.01).The rate was significantly higher in the unmarried,the divorced and the widowed than in the married (5.91％ vs.3.70％,P ＜0.01).Logistic regression analysis indicated that dwelling in urban areas and education level of 7-9 years were the protective factors of anxiety disorders,while being female,unmarried,divorced or widowed were the risk factors of anxiety disorders.It was found that only 3.1％ of the patients with anxiety disorders reported to seek help from psychiatrists.Conclusion:The anxiety disorder is a common mental disorder in Chifeng City,while few people with anxiety disorders seek mental health professionals.Therefore,it should be paid attentions to anxiety disorder,especially in rural area,women,and low educated people for enhancing mental health service and knowledge popularization.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Mental disorders are strongly associated with disabilities. National survey on disability could provide a reliable basis for policymaking in care and rehabilitation of disabled persons. This study aimed to describe the disability prevalence rates attributed to mental disorders, their distribution by sociodemographic factors, and utilizations of service.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study is a secondary data analysis of the Second National Sample Survey on Disability in 2006. The disability and severity were assessed using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Mental disorders were diagnosed according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders. Using descriptive and analytic epidemiological methods, prevalence rates of disability attributed to mental disorders and service use were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Data of 2,526,145 respondents were analyzed. The disability prevalence rate attributed to mental disorders in China was 6.3‰, accounting for 9.9% of all disabled people. Regarding disability prevalence attributed to mental disorders, it showed that gender, residential area, marital status, education level, and economic area were related to the prevalence distributions. The proportions of mild disability were highest in the disabled people with onset age of 18-64 years, while the proportion of extremely severe disability was highest in the disabled people with onset age of 65 years and above. Only 58.6% of disabled people attributed to mental disorders used some of the services.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There are statistical differences of disability prevalence attributed to mental disorders by people and region in China. Service use in disabled people with mental disorders is insufficient.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the curative effect and safety of decitabine combined with IAG regimen for treating senile MDS-transformed AML patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two cases of senile MDS-transformed AML were treated with decitabine combined with IAG regimen (decitabine 25 mg/d,qd,ivgtt,d1-5,Idarubicin 10 mg/d,qd,ivgtt,d6,Ara-C 10 mg/m,q12h, sc,d 6-19,G-CSF 300 µg,qd,ih,d6-19). The efficacy and adverse reactions were observed in these cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1 case for 2 courses and 1 case for 1 course obtained complete remission(CR). The myelosuppression and infections due to neutropenia were the most frequent adverse effects, the severe nonhematologic toxicity, such as liver and kidney and gastrointestinal reactions, were not observed in these patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Decitabine combined with IAG regimen is an effective for treating senile MDS-transformed AML patients.</p>
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Objective To investigate the impairment and change of cognitive function in patients with depression in remission.Methods The cognitive function was evaluated with group neurocognitive test tool from multi -dimensional evaluation of attention,memory and execution function among 14 depressive patients during diseased episode and in remission after one year.The control group was set and the results of the two groups were compared.Results The result of the attention test showed that the error counts of the second and third situation of Continuous Performance Test (CPT)in depression group in diseased episode and in remission were more than those in the control group (P <0.05),and the time used in Stroop -C and the time used in A of Trail making test(TMT)were longer than those in the control group (P <0.05),and the right numbers in Stroop -CW were less than those in the control group (P <0.05 ).The numbers completed in Stroop -CW in diseased episode of depression group were less than those in control group(P <0.05),and the numbers completed in Stroop -CW in remission of depression group were more than those in diseased episode(P <0.01).The result of the memory test showed that the score of a in Logical memory test (LMT)in diseased episode of depression group was less than that in control group(P <0.05),and the score of b and aggregate score in LMT and the score of b in Visal reproduction test (VRT)in diseased episode and in remission of depression group were less than that in control group (P <0.05).In VRT,the score of a and aggregate score in diseased episode were less than that in remission of depression group and in control group(P <0.05),and the score of c in diseased episode and the aggregate score in remission were less than that in control group(P <0.05).The result of the execution function test showed that the numbers of sustained error of mWCST in diseased episode of depression group were more and the numbers of categories were less than those in control group (P <0.05),and the correct numbers in Verbal fluency test (VFT)of the depressive group in diseased episode and in remission were less than those in control group(P <0.01 ).Conclusion When the depressive disorder is remitted,the degree of cognitive impairment in different dimension is different,and the cognitive impairment is still exist for a long time.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the inhibitory effect of high concentration insulin on K562 cell proliferation and its underlying mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>K562 cells were treated by different concentration of insulin and/or anti-IGF-1R antibody (IGF-1R-Ab), MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the K562 cells proliferation and apoptosis, respectivety; Western blot was used to measure the expression and phosphorylation level of IGE-IR, Akt, Erk1/2 in K562 cells under the different concentration of insulin.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MTT assay showed that less than 40 mU/ml insulin could promote K562 cell proliferation, while high concentration (> 40 mU/ml) insulin has been shown to inhibit K562 cell proliferation; Flow cytometry showed that 40 mU/ml insulin suppressed K562 cell apoptosis (P < 0.05), while 200 mU/ml insulin could significantly induce K562 cell apoptosis (P < 0.01); 0.01 to 1.0 µg/ml IGF-1R-Ab has significantly enhanced the inhibitory and inducing effects of high concentration (> 40 mU/ml) of insulin on K562 cell proliferation and apoptosis respectively (r = 0.962, P < 0.001); Western blot showed that after K562 cells were treated with different concentrations of insulin ERK, and the p-ERK expression did not change significantly, after K562 cells were treated with 200 mU/ml insulin, the expression of IGF-1R and AKT also not were changed obviously, while the phosphorylation level of IGF-1R and AKT increased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High concentration (>40 mU/ml) of insulin inhibits K562 cell proliferation and induces its apoptosis, and its mechanism may be related with the binding IGF-1R by insulin, competitively inhibiting the binding of IGF-1 and IGF-1R, the blocking the transduction of PI3K/AKT signal pathway.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Antibodies , Pharmacology , Apoptosis , Cell Proliferation , Culture Media , Chemistry , Insulin , Pharmacology , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I , Metabolism , K562 Cells , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 , Metabolism , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases , Metabolism , Phosphorylation , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt , Metabolism , Receptors, Somatomedin , Allergy and Immunology , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the action mechanism of chlorambucil against mantle cell lymphoma cell line Jeko-1.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The effect of chlorambucil on Jeko-1 cell proliferation was measured by MTT method. The effect of chlorambucil on the apoptosis of Jeko-1 cell was detected by Hoechst staining and Annexin V-FITC dual staining. The activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and the expression of BAX, BCL-2, procaspase 3, procaspase 8 and procaspase 9 were detected by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>0, 5, 10, 20 µmol/L chlorambucil could inhibit Jeko-1 cell proliferation at 24, 48, 72 h in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Chlorambucil of 0, 5, 10, 20 µmol/L increased the apoptotic rate of Jeko-1 cells, upregulated the expression of BAX, procaspase 3, procaspase 8, procaspase 9 and PI3K, increased the phosphorylation of AKT and down-regulated the expression of BCL-2.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The chlorambucil can induce the apoptosis of mantle cell lymphoma Jeko-1 cells via blocking PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Chlorambucil , Down-Regulation , Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases , Phosphorylation , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Personality disorders can lead to some disability. However, little is known about the disability prevalence and function impairments. This study aimed to describe the disability prevalence attributed to personality disorders, its distribution, impairments of daily activities and social functions, and risk factors in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using a descriptive and analytic epidemiological method, data from the Second China National Sample Survey on Disability in 2006 were analyzed. The disability prevalence attributed to personality disorders, its distribution in different people and regions, and risk factors were statistically calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Respondents included 1,909,205 adults. The disability prevalence rate attributed to personality disorders in China was 5.9/100,000. The disability rate attributed to personality disorders of males was higher than that of females (P = 0.012), while the rate of the unemployed was higher than that of the employed (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the rates of unmarried/divorced/widowed people and the illiterate population were higher than those of married and educated people (P < 0.001). Regarding the severity of disability attributable to personality disorders, mild disability accounted for a majority or 60% of the respondents. The data showed that disability mainly impaired respondents' ability to engage in daily activities, get along with people, and participate in social situations. According to the case-control study, marriage, employment, and higher education were protective factors of disability.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The prevalence of disability attributed to personality disorders is low in China and always leads to mild disability. The distribution of disability attributed to personality disorders also varies in the Chinese population.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Age Distribution , China , Epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disabled Persons , Mental Disorders , Epidemiology , Personality Disorders , Epidemiology , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The Composite International Diagnostic Interview-3.0 (CIDI-3.0) is a fully structured lay-administered diagnostic interview for the assessment of mental disorders according to ICD-10 and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria. The aim of the study was to investigate the concurrent validity of the Chinese CIDI in diagnosing mental disorders in psychiatric settings.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We recruited 208 participants, of whom 148 were patients from two psychiatric hospitals and 60 healthy people from communities. These participants were administered with CIDI by six trained lay interviewers and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I, gold standard) by two psychiatrists. Agreement between CIDI and SCID-I was assessed with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. Individual-level CIDI-SCID diagnostic concordance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve and Cohen's K.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Substantial to excellent CIDI to SCID concordance was found for any substance use disorder (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.926), any anxiety disorder (AUC = 0.807) and any mood disorder (AUC = 0.806). The concordance between the CIDI and the SCID for psychotic and eating disorders is moderate. However, for individual mental disorders, the CIDI-SCID concordance for bipolar disorders (AUC = 0.55) and anorexia nervosa (AUC = 0.50) was insufficient.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Overall, the Chinese version of CIDI-3.0 has acceptable validity in diagnosing the substance use disorder, anxiety disorder and mood disorder among Chinese adult population. However, we should be cautious when using it for bipolar disorders and anorexia nervosa.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anorexia Nervosa , Diagnosis , Anxiety Disorders , Diagnosis , Bipolar Disorder , Diagnosis , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , International Classification of Diseases , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Reference StandardsABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The first year of attending university induces a stressful experience for many college students. The experience exposes these students to challenging circumstances and raises expectations, which consequently increases the risk of psychiatric disorders and may exacerbate pre-existing problems. This study was designed to explore the risk factors of psychological symptoms among freshmen in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A three-year follow-up study was designed in a sample of Chinese college freshmen. To set up the baseline interviews, subjects from 25 high schools in Beijing were interviewed during the first year in high school. Three years later, we followed up with the 1547 students from 15 of the previously-selected 25 high schools after they had entered universities. Association between potential risk factors and the occurrence of psychological symptoms measured by the Symptoms Check List-90 was evaluated in unconditional logistic regression models with Wald test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 1547 interviewed college freshmen in the study, 120 students (7.8%) manifested at least one psychological symptom. Personality dysfunction (OR = 3.655, 95% CI 1.967-6.793), parental rejection (OR = 2.619, 95% CI 1.544-4.442), age ≥ 20 (OR = 2.578, 95% CI 1.227-5.418), disfavored university (OR = 2.054, 95% CI 1.376-3.066), non-first-choice academic major (OR = 1.887, 95% CI 1.255-2.837) and no orientation (OR = 1.739, 95% CI 1.025-2.951) were determined to be the risk factors of psychological symptoms among the college freshmen in China.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Psychological symptoms of college freshmen are associated with personality traits, parental rearing behavior and study environment. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to changes in mental health as students enter or decide on colleges and increase education geared towards mental health issues for students in high school and universities in China.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , China , Risk Factors , Students , Psychology , UniversitiesABSTRACT
Many reports have documented a role of insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) as growth factors in many cancers. The sequence and structure of insulin receptor (IR) and IGF receptor (IGF-1R) are highly similar. Both receptors are overexpressed in leukemia cells.Studies indicate that insulin can enhance the signal of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathways by activating IR or IGF-1R or hybrid IR/IGF-IR receptors, resulting in the proliferation of leukemia cells. High concentration of insulin may inhibit the growth of leukemia cells, the mechanism of which remains to be unclear. Inhibiting IR and IGF-IR can diminish the proliferation of leukemia cells. Therefore, the assumption of IR/IGF-1R as a potential therapeutic target in leukemia appears reasonable. This article summarizes the recent advancement associated with the signaling pathway of insulin effecting the proliferation of leukemia cells.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Insulin , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I , Metabolism , Leukemia , Metabolism , Pathology , Receptor, Insulin , Metabolism , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the genetic association between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphism and internalizing disorders, to provide the theoretical basis to explore the etiology of internalizing disorders.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PCR-based ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR) was applied to tag single nucleotide lengh polymorphism (SNPs) of BDNF gene among 259 undergraduates affected by internalizing disorders and 269 healthy undergraduates. Haplotype analysis and multiple locus analysis were conducted to analyze the genotyping data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The genotypic frequency of tag SNPs of BDNF gene did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both case and control groups. Rs12273539 was not associated with internalizing disorders (P > 0.05), but rs10835210 and rs2030324 were related to internalizing disorders (P < 0.05). The case group had more A allele of rs10835210 and C allele of rs2030324 when compared to the controls while A allele of rs10835210 and C allele of rs2030324 seemed to be the risk factors of internalizing disorder (OR = 1.877, P < 0.001; OR = 1.347, P < 0.05). Results of multiple locus analysis showed that the haplotype composed by the three tag SNPs which was related to internalizing disorders (chi(2) = 23.537, P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BDNF gene might serve as the susceptible gene for internalizing disorder.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Alleles , Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor , Genetics , Case-Control Studies , Gene Frequency , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Haplotypes , Mental Disorders , Genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of personality-related health risk factors on suicidal ideation among medical students.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>1204 medical students at first grade were selected in Beijing, using random cluster sampling method. Data were obtained through health risk behaviors questionnaire, personality diagnostic questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4) and were analyzed by logistic regression method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 12 risk factors selected from single factor analysis, including physical fight, physical abuse, physically forced to have sexual intercourse, sexual risk behaviors, tobacco and alcohol use behaviors, loneliness, bad mood, insomnia, feeling hopeless, higher PDQ-4 score and internet abuse behaviors. Data from Unconditional logistic regression showed that the main risk factors of suicide ideation were insomnia (OR = 4.98), physical abuse (OR = 4.43), sexual risk behaviors (OR = 2.63), bad mood (OR = 2.32), feeling hopeless (OR = 1.98), higher PDQ-4 score (OR = 1.09) in male students; while fighting (OR = 7.10), loneliness (OR = 4.42), physically forced to have sexual intercourse (OR = 4.19), internet abuse behaviors( OR = 1.39) in female students.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Suicidal ideation was associated with various factors, with significant gender difference.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , China , Risk Factors , Students, Medical , Psychology , Suicide , PsychologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To extract RNA from Pinellia ternata and lay a foundation for studying the formation mechanism of P. ternata.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>By modifying the method recommended by Guanidinium for extracting total RNA from plant tissues rich in phenolic and polysaccharidic compounds, a simple and convenient method for extraction of total RNA from the tubers, stems and leaves of P. ternate containing abundant polyphenols and polysaccharides was established. High concentrated p-mercaptoethanol was added in the RNA extracted buffer to remove polyphenols, phenol and chloroform were used to eliminate proteins, and isopropanol and sodium acetate were used to precipitate polysaccharides.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The A260/A230 value of RNA extracted with improved method were all over 2.0 and the values of A260/A280 were between 1.7 and 2.0. The electrophoresis bands were cleared on agarosegel and integrity of RNA was good.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results showed that RNA obtained from the tubers, stems and leaves of P. ternate with this method had high purity and quality and could be used in molecular biological research, as DDRT-PCR and reverse Northern blotting analysis directly. This method is simple, economic, stable performance, and has a good repeatability as well as is suitable for extracting total RNA of medicinal plants with high concentrations of phenolics and polysaccharides.</p>
Subject(s)
Blotting, Northern , Pinellia , Genetics , Plant Leaves , Genetics , Plant Stems , Genetics , Plant Tubers , Genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA, PlantABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of different factors on buds and microtuber. These factors included plant growth substances and sucrose.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>stems were selected as explants. The effects of three kinds of factors were studied by orthogonal design method including sucrose, 6-BA, NAA on the buds and microtuber induction. The data were analyzed with range analysis and vadance analysis. RESULT AND CONDUSION: The optimal media to induce many buds from stems were MS + 6-BA 1 mg x L(-1) + NAA 1 mg x L(-1) + sucrose 3%, the effect of the three factors was in sequence of sucrose >6-BA > NAA. The optimal media to induce microtuber from stems were MS+6-BA 1.5 mg x V1 +NAA 1.5 mg x L(-1) + sucrose 5%, the effect of the three factors was in sequence of sucrose >6-BA > NAA.</p>
Subject(s)
Culture Media , Dioscorea , Plant Growth Regulators , Pharmacology , Sucrose , Pharmacology , Tissue Culture Techniques , MethodsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In this study, orthogonal design was used to optinize DDRT-PCR amplification system on Pinellia ternata microtubers in vitro in five factors four levels respectively.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>P. ternata stems and microtubers in vitro were selected as explants. The effects of five kinds of factors were studied by orthogonal design method including emplate cDNA, Mg2+, dNTPs, primers and Taq DNA polymerase, and in order to establish the optimum DDRT-PCR system of P. ternata microtubers in vitro.</p><p><b>RESULT AND CONCLUSION</b>A satisfactory DDRT-PCR technique system for P. ternata microtubers in vitro with desirable repeatability and polymorphic bands was established. In a total volume of 20 microL DDRT-PCR system, it contained 10 x buffer, 150 micromol L(-1) dNTPs, 2 micromol L(-1) anchor primer, 1 micromol L(-1) arbitrary primer, 2.5 mmol L(-1) Mg2+, 0.6 U Taq DNA polymerase and 2.5 microg template cDNA. The effect of the five factors was in sequence of Taq DNA polymerase > template cDNA > dNTPs > Mg2+ > Primers. The optimum DDRT-PCR system will provide scientific reference basis for studying effecting character of P. ternata microtubers associated with genes expression.</p>
Subject(s)
DNA, Complementary , Genetics , DNA, Plant , Genetics , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Pinellia , Genetics , Plant Tubers , Genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Methods , Silver Staining , Taq Polymerase , GeneticsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of different factors on induction of microtubers in Zingiber officinale. These factors included NAA, PP333, 6-BA and sucrose.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Orthogonal design and plant tissue culture technique were used.</p><p><b>RESULT AND CONCLUSION</b>Sucrose was the most important factor on the induction of microtubers, followed by PP333 and NAA. 6-BA was the factor which restrained the formation of microtubers. The optimal media to induce microtubers was MS + NAA 1.0 mg x L(-1) + PP333 0.2 mg x L(-1) + sucrose 8%.</p>
Subject(s)
Culture Media , Pharmacology , Ginger , Plant Growth Regulators , Pharmacology , Plants, Medicinal , Rhizome , Sucrose , Pharmacology , Tissue Culture Techniques , MethodsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the change of endogenous hormone (ABA, IAA, JA, GA3, ZR) in the leaves, petioles, tubers of Pinellia ternate around sprout tumble. It also provided some valuable information to prevent sprout tumble and increase production.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Tubers of P. ternata were cultured firstly at (23 +/- 1) degree C for certain days, and then they were coerced under (30 +/- 1 ) degree C stress in the same artificial climate boxes. The endogenous hormones in leaves, petioles and tubers during different stages of high temperature stress were determined with Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>After under high temperature stress, ABA content in leaves, petioles and tubers increased obviously. Similarly, JA content rose all in the leaves, petioles and tubers. But in the same conditions IAA content declined significantly in the leaves and petioles. In the tubers, IAA content also decreased, but not quickly. With the extension of high temperature coercion, the leaves, petioles, tubers, ZR content were gradually falling off. In the leaves of GA3 content rose markedly at the third day, fell down at the sixth day, but remained higher than before treatment. With the extension of the processing time, GA3 content fell off in the petioles and tubers.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ABA, JA, ZT and GA3 played an important role in controlling sprout tumble of P. ternata.</p>
Subject(s)
Abscisic Acid , Metabolism , Cyclopentanes , Metabolism , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Gibberellins , Metabolism , Hot Temperature , Indoleacetic Acids , Metabolism , Isopentenyladenosine , Metabolism , Oxylipins , Metabolism , Pinellia , Metabolism , Physiology , Plant Growth Regulators , Metabolism , Plant Leaves , Metabolism , Plant Tubers , Metabolism , Plants, Medicinal , Metabolism , PhysiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To calculate heritabilities of personality disorders (PDs) in twin population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on informed consent, we used Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (fourth-version) as our screening tool to study the adult twins (aged 20 - 70 years) in Qingdao city. There were 324 twin pairs whose zygosity had been determined. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the heritabilities by 242 same-sex twin pairs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The best-fitting models yielded a heritability of 68.26% (60.26 - 74.78) of overall PDs, 59.00% (49.22 - 67.17) of cluster A, 64.99% (56.24 - 72.16) of cluster B, and 63.66% (54.72 - 71.02) of cluster C. There were significant genetic effects for schizotypal, narcissistic and dependent, explaining 49.96% (37.94 - 60.14), 52.89% (41.85 - 62.24) and 68.87% (60.80 - 75.40) of the variance respectively. No genetic effects were found on Histrionic, but common environmental effect accounted for 54.08% (44.50 - 62.43) of the total variances.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PD was mainly determined by genetic factor. These findings may provide evidence for future research on PD.</p>